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Updated: Feb 25, 2026
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An Automated Culture System for Use in Preclinical Testing of Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis
Published on: August 16, 2021
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Addressing the tuberculosis-depression syndemic to end the tuberculosis epidemic
A C Sweetland1, A Kritski2, M A Oquendo3
1Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, New York, USA.
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) and depression significantly worsen each other, increasing disease burden and transmission. Recognizing this
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Infectious Diseases
- Mental Health
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) and depression frequently coexist, exacerbating patient outcomes and disease spread.
- Comorbid depression with TB is linked to higher morbidity, mortality, and drug resistance.
- Depression can worsen TB by increasing reactivation risk, disease progression, and hindering treatment response.
Purpose of the Study:
- To reframe TB and depression comorbidity as a 'TB-depression syndemic'.
- To identify research gaps in understanding the mechanisms of TB-depression interaction.
- To advocate for integrated care approaches to combat the global TB epidemic.
Main Methods:
- Evidence synthesis and conceptual reframing.
- Literature review to identify synergistic mechanisms.
- Analysis of TB and depression symptom overlap and diagnostic challenges.
Main Results:
- TB and depression interact synergistically through biological, behavioral, and social pathways.
- Symptom overlap often leads to underdiagnosis of depression in TB patients.
- The 'TB-depression syndemic' model highlights the need for integrated care.
Conclusions:
- Addressing TB and depression as a syndemic is crucial for effective TB control and elimination.
- Multidisciplinary, patient-centered care is essential to manage comorbid TB and depression.
- Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between TB and depression.
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