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Geometric phase Doppler effect: when structured light meets rotating structured materials.

Zhenxing Liu, Yuanyuan Liu, Yougang Ke

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    We discovered a novel geometric phase Doppler effect in structured light interacting with rotating materials. This effect causes a frequency shift related to the total angular momentum, not just orbital angular momentum.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Optics
    • Light-Matter Interactions

    Background:

    • The conventional rotational Doppler effect (RDE) is sensitive to the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light.
    • Structured light, particularly vortex beams, offers unique properties for light-matter interactions.
    • Pancharatnam-Berry phase plays a crucial role in geometric phase phenomena.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate a novel geometric phase Doppler effect arising from structured light interacting with rotating anisotropic materials.
    • To analyze the frequency shift in terms of the dynamic evolution of Pancharatnam-Berry phase.
    • To differentiate this effect from the conventional rotational Doppler effect.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilizing structured light with a vortex phase.
    • Employing a rotating inhomogeneous anisotropic plate as the material.
    • Applying Jones matrix calculations and the theory of hybrid-order Poincaré spheres.
    • Analyzing the frequency shift based on the rate of change of Pancharatnam-Berry phase.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstrated a geometric phase Doppler effect manifesting as a frequency shift.
    • Interpreted the frequency shift as the dynamic evolution of Pancharatnam-Berry phase on a hybrid-order Poincaré sphere.
    • Showed the frequency shift is proportional to the variation in the total angular momentum of the light beam.
    • Established that the shift is independent of the input beams' orbital angular momentum.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed scheme reveals a new type of Doppler effect governed by geometric phase.
    • This geometric phase Doppler effect offers a method to probe total angular momentum variations.
    • The findings provide a new perspective on light-matter interactions with structured light and rotating media.