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Linearly polarized vector modes: enabling MIMO-free mode-division multiplexing.

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    This study demonstrates successful mode-division multiplexing using an elliptical ring core fiber (ERCF) supporting eight linearly polarized vector modes (LPV). The ERCF showed stable performance, enabling high-speed data transmission without complex signal processing.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Communications
    • Photonics
    • Fiber Optics

    Background:

    • Mode-division multiplexing (MDM) offers increased data capacity.
    • Elliptical ring core fibers (ERCFs) are promising for supporting multiple vector modes.
    • Maintaining signal integrity under perturbations is crucial for practical MDM systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To experimentally investigate MDM performance in an ERCF.
    • To characterize the ERCF's ability to support and maintain multiple linearly polarized vector (LPV) modes.
    • To assess the feasibility of high-speed data transmission using LPV modes in ERCF.

    Main Methods:

    • Experimental characterization of ERCF properties, including polarization maintenance and mode stability.
    • Measurement of effective index difference and crosstalk between LPV modes.
    • High-speed data transmission tests using multiple LPV modes as independent channels.

    Main Results:

    • ERCF supports eight LPV modes with an effective index difference > 1 × 10⁻⁴.
    • Stable mode power and polarization extinction ratio were observed under external perturbations.
    • Crosstalk between LPV modes was below -14 dB after 0.9 km of ERCF.
    • Successful transmission of 32 Gbaud QPSK data using six LPV modes without MIMO or PDM.

    Conclusions:

    • ERCFs are suitable for robust MDM applications.
    • The demonstrated system achieves high-speed data transmission with simplified signal processing.
    • This research paves the way for future high-capacity optical communication systems.