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Optical microscopy uses optic principles to provide detailed images of samples. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek designed the first compound optical microscope in the 17th century to visualize blood cells, bacteria, and yeast cells. In 1830, Joseph Jackson Lister created an essentially modern light microscope. The 20th century saw the development of microscopes with enhanced magnification and resolution.
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Complex imaging via coherent detection.

Yifei Wang, Jian Fang, An Li

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    |August 10, 2017
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    Summary

    Complex imaging with coherent detection captures 2-D nearfield optical images, simultaneously recovering amplitude and phase. This technique successfully measured few-mode-fiber modes, enabling mode decomposition and differential mode delay analysis.

    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Fiber Optics
    • Image Processing

    Background:

    • Accurate characterization of optical modes is crucial for advanced fiber optic communication systems.
    • Existing nearfield optical imaging techniques often struggle with simultaneous amplitude and phase recovery.
    • Few-mode fibers (FMFs) offer increased bandwidth but require precise mode analysis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a complex imaging technique for simultaneous amplitude and phase recovery in 2-D nearfield optical imaging.
    • To experimentally validate the technique using few-mode fibers (FMFs).
    • To perform mode decomposition and differential mode delay (DMD) measurements on FMF modes.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a complex imaging system utilizing coherent detection.

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  • Experimental setup for nearfield optical imaging of few-mode fibers.
  • Implementation of algorithms for mode decomposition and differential mode delay (DMD) analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Successful acquisition of 2-D nearfield optical images with simultaneous amplitude and phase information.
    • High extinction-ratio detection of few-mode fiber (FMF) modes.
    • Accurate mode decomposition and differential mode delay (DMD) measurements were achieved.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed complex imaging technique provides a robust method for simultaneous amplitude and phase recovery in nearfield optical imaging.
    • This technique is effective for characterizing few-mode fiber (FMF) modes, including mode decomposition and DMD measurement.
    • The advancement offers potential for improved optical communication system design and analysis.