HIV AND TUBERCULOSIS CO-INFECTION IN A REFERRAL CHEST HOSPITAL
V K Kataria1, D Rosha2, K K Maudar3
1Classified Specialist in Pathology (Microbiology), Military Hospital, Namkum, Ranchi-834 010.
Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
|August 10, 2017
Summary
Tuberculosis patients in the Armed Forces were screened for HIV, revealing a 1.06% co-infection rate. This study highlights lower HIV prevalence alongside tuberculosis in military personnel compared to the general population.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Military Medicine
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB) and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection presents significant global health challenges.
- Understanding the prevalence of TB/HIV co-infection in specific populations, such as military personnel, is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the co-infection rate of tuberculosis and HIV among serving personnel of the Armed Forces.
- To compare the seroprevalence of HIV in tuberculosis patients within the Armed Forces to that of the civil population.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of Armed Forces personnel admitted with tuberculosis between April 1996 and 1999 was assessed.
- Initial HIV testing was performed using spot kits, with positive results confirmed by ELISA on two separate samples.
- Data on patient demographics, risk factors (alcohol, smoking, sexual history), and sputum smear results were collected.
Main Results:
- Out of 1.06% of tuberculosis patients, 60 individuals were found to be HIV positive.
- The majority of co-infected individuals (80%) were in the sexually active age group.
- Alcohol and smoking were associated with 80% of cases, and 46.7% reported exposure to sex workers.
Conclusions:
- The seroprevalence of HIV in association with tuberculosis is lower in the Armed Forces compared to the civil population.
- Findings underscore the importance of screening for HIV in military tuberculosis patients, considering associated risk factors.
Related Concept Videos
01:29Pulmonary Tuberculosis I
1.1K
Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
1.1K
01:26Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV
560
Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
560
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis V
669
Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
669
01:28Pulmonary Tuberculosis II
1.7K
Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
1.7K
01:31Pulmonary Tuberculosis III
1.2K
Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
1.2K
01:17Other Pulmonary Disorders
1.7K
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
1.7K