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    This study introduces directional transverse oscillation (DTO), a novel ultrasound method for precise vector velocity estimation. DTO significantly improves accuracy and reduces bias compared to traditional methods, enabling better blood flow analysis.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Ultrasound Technology
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Accurate vector velocity estimation is crucial for diagnosing vascular diseases.
    • Traditional transverse oscillation (TO) methods have limitations in accuracy and range.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present and validate a new method, directional TO (DTO), for enhanced vector velocity estimation.
    • To improve the accuracy and reduce bias in ultrasound-based blood flow measurements.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed DTO by combining transverse oscillation with directional beamforming.
    • Utilized Fourier transform for self-calibrating lateral oscillation period estimation.
    • Simulated using Field IIpro and implemented on the SARUS ultrasound system with a convex array transducer.

    Main Results:

    • DTO achieved low standard deviation for angle estimation (mean 2.8°) and lateral velocity component (mean relative SD 9.2%).
    • DTO demonstrated a four-fold reduction in relative bias (-3.4%) compared to traditional TO.
    • The method maintained accuracy for deeper vessels (126-156 mm) and pulsating flow (7.4% relative SD).

    Conclusions:

    • DTO offers a robust and accurate method for vector velocity estimation across various depths and flow conditions.
    • The self-calibrating nature and improved performance make DTO a valuable advancement in ultrasound diagnostics.
    • DTO shows potential for enhanced clinical applications requiring precise blood flow quantification.