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Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

Disorders of the Autonomic Nervous System

The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is an intricate network of nerves that controls functions such as the regulation of heart rate, digestion, and blood pressure regulation. When this system malfunctions, it can lead to various disorders that affect multiple bodily functions. One common feature of many autonomic disorders is the involvement of smooth blood vessels, which play a crucial role in regulating blood flow throughout the body.
Raynaud's disease, also known as Raynaud's...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Development of an Uncomplicated Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Model Modified by Weight-Drop Method and Evidenced by Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Published on: April 11, 2025

Autonomic Dysfunction after Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Dmitry Esterov¹, Brian D Greenwald²

¹JFK Johnson Rehabilitation Institute, Edison, NJ 08820, USA. desterov@jfkhealth.org.

|August 12, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can cause widespread systemic effects, including autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction. Further research is needed to understand ANS dysfunction in mTBI for improved recovery and return-to-play protocols.

Keywords:

autonomic dysfunction concussion dysautonomia graded exercise testing heart rate variability mild TBI mild traumatic brain injury post concussive syndrome

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Published on: April 19, 2024

Area of Science:

Neurology
Physiology
Sports Medicine

Background:

Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a complex condition with systemic effects beyond cognitive impairment.
Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, or dysautonomia, is increasingly recognized in mTBI, contributing to various symptoms.
Previous research has focused on moderate and severe TBI, but mTBI's impact on the ANS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore the role of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
To investigate methods for analyzing ANS function in mTBI patients, such as heart rate variability and pupillary dynamics.
To examine the utility of graded exercise testing in diagnosing and managing mTBI, particularly persistent symptoms.

Main Methods:

Analysis of autonomic nervous system (ANS) function through heart rate variability (HRV), pupillary dynamics, eye pressure, and arterial pulse wave.
Utilizing graded exercise testing as a diagnostic and recovery tool for individuals with mild TBI (mTBI).

Main Results:

Autonomic dysfunction is a significant factor in mTBI symptomatology.
Studies indicate persistent autonomic dysfunction even after concussion symptoms resolve.
Heart rate variability and pupillary dynamics are key indicators of ANS function in mTBI.

Conclusions:

Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction plays a critical role in the pathophysiology and symptomatology of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI).
Graded exercise testing shows promise for both diagnosis and recovery in mTBI patients.
The persistence of autonomic dysfunction post-symptom resolution highlights the need for updated return-to-play protocols in sports.