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Area of Science:

  • Marine microbial ecology
  • Metagenomics
  • Stable Isotope Probing

Background:

  • Resource availability shapes marine microbial communities and defines ecological niches.
  • Understanding resource partitioning among microbial populations is crucial for characterizing functional guilds.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how marine microbial communities assimilate common metabolic substrates.
  • To characterize functional guilds and resource partitioning within Monterey Bay surface water.

Main Methods:

  • Proteomic stable isotope probing (SIP) and NanoSIMS analysis of phylogenetic microarrays (Chip-SIP).
  • 16S rRNA gene amplicon and metagenomic sequencing.
  • Assimilation of six 13C-labeled metabolic substrates.

Main Results:

  • Distinct substrate-specific community shifts were observed, but relative abundance changes didn't correlate with assimilation.
  • Diverse taxa assimilated all substrates, with differential assimilation into protein and ribonucleotides.
  • Conserved resource partitioning was found within Flavobacteriia, Alphaproteobacteria, and Gammaproteobacteria, indicating phylogenetically cohesive functional guilds.

Conclusions:

  • Functional guilds in marine microbial communities are phylogenetically cohesive.
  • Heterogeneity in biosynthetic activity distinguishes copiotrophs from oligotrophs within these guilds.
  • Growth responses are population-specific and not fully revealed by genome sequencing alone.