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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Effects of Mechanical Methods Used in Peri-implantitis Treatment on Implant Surface Decontamination and Roughness
Published on: March 14, 2025
Smokers have a higher risk of inflammatory peri-implant disease than non-smokers
Ö Gürlek1, P Gümüş1, N Buduneli1
1Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Ege University, İzmir, Turkey.
Aim:
To comparatively evaluate peri-implant health status in smokers and non-smokers.
Materials And Methods:
A total of 142 implants (74 implants in non-smokers, 68 in smokers) in 43 smoker or non-smoker systemically healthy patients were included in the study. Demographic and clinical periodontal data were recorded and analysed by chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results:
Peri-implantitis and mucositis cases were significantly more frequent in the smokers than non-smokers (p = .001). Suppuration, bleeding and plaque scores around the implants were significantly higher in smokers than non-smokers (p = .001; p = .002; p < .0001, respectively).
Conclusion:
The present findings indicate that smokers have a higher risk of inflammatory peri-implant diseases. Therefore, more frequent recalls may be recommended in smokers with dental implants.
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