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Related Experiment Video

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Recording Brain Activity with Ear-Electroencephalography
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Physiological artifacts in scalp EEG and ear-EEG.

Simon L Kappel1, David Looney2,3, Danilo P Mandic3

  • 1Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, 8200, Aarhus N, Denmark. slk@eng.au.dk.

Biomedical Engineering Online
|August 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Ear-EEG offers discreet, long-term brainwave recording. This study shows ear-based electroencephalography (EEG) is less affected by eye blinks but more by jaw artifacts than scalp EEG.

Keywords:
Alpha band modulationEar-EEGPhysiological artifactsWearable EEG

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Signal Processing

Background:

  • Electroencephalography (EEG) recording is often hindered by noise and artifacts, especially in real-world scenarios.
  • Ear-EEG utilizes electrodes placed in the ear for unobtrusive, long-term brain activity monitoring.
  • Challenges exist in controlling artifacts in non-laboratory EEG acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize physiological artifacts in Ear-EEG recordings.
  • To quantify the impact of artifacts on signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) for auditory steady-state responses.
  • To investigate alpha band modulation using an open/closed eyes paradigm.

Main Methods:

  • Controlled experiment involving nine subjects.
  • Quantification of SNR deterioration due to artifacts.
  • Analysis of alpha band power and coherence in response to eye state changes.

Main Results:

  • Jaw muscle artifacts significantly impacted both scalp and ear electrodes, with greater SNR deterioration in the ear, particularly in the gamma band.
  • Eye-blinking artifacts affected scalp electrodes (delta/theta bands) but not ear electrodes.
  • Eye movements caused significant SNR deterioration in frontal, temporal, and ear electrodes.
  • Alpha band activity (power and coherence) was successfully recorded from both ear and scalp electrodes during closed-eye periods.

Conclusions:

  • Ear-EEG is a viable method for discreet, long-term EEG monitoring in real-life settings.
  • Spontaneous brain activity, such as alpha oscillations, can be captured using the Ear-EEG platform.
  • Ear-EEG shows higher susceptibility to jaw artifacts but reduced sensitivity to eye-blinking artifacts compared to traditional scalp EEG systems.