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Work overcommitment: Is it a trait or a state?

Jean-Baptist du Prel1,2, Roma Runeson-Broberg3, Peter Westerholm3

  • 1Institute of the History, Philosophy and Ethics of Medicine, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany. duprel@uni-wuppertal.de.

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
|August 13, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Overcommitment (OC) appears to be a state, not a personality trait, as it changes with work-related stress over time. This longitudinal study suggests OC is sensitive to the work environment, not a fixed characteristic.

Keywords:
CopingOrganisational changeWork organisationWork stress models

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health Psychology
  • Psychosocial Work Environment Research

Background:

  • Effort-reward imbalance (ERI) is a work stress model with efforts, rewards, and overcommitment (OC).
  • OC is characterized by excessive striving and a need for approval, but its nature as a trait or state is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether overcommitment (OC) is a stable personality trait or a state sensitive to work environment changes.
  • To examine the longitudinal relationship between OC and work-related stress factors.

Main Methods:

  • A 5-year longitudinal study of 2940 Swedish industrial employees.
  • Regression analysis examined changes in OC in relation to changes in job control, extra work, and ERI, controlling for demographics.

Main Results:

  • Overcommitment (OC) was insensitive to changes in job control and extra work.
  • OC demonstrated significant associations with changes in effort-reward imbalance (ERI) over time.
  • Three of four OC subscales showed statistically significant associations with ERI.

Conclusions:

  • Findings support the hypothesis that overcommitment (OC) is a state, influenced by the work environment.
  • The association between ERI and OC over time suggests OC is a response pattern sensitive to work context.
  • Further research is needed to definitively establish OC as a trait or a state.