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Flow Cytometry Analysis of Immune Cells Within Murine Aortas
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Noninfectious aortitis: what the cardiologist needs to know

Ingolf Töpel1

  • 1Department of Vascular Surgery, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Brüder Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|August 15, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Large vessel vasculitides (LVV) are inflammatory diseases affecting the aorta. Advances in imaging and emerging therapies offer new hope for patients with difficult-to-treat conditions.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Immunology
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Noninfectious inflammatory diseases of the aorta and its branches present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges.
  • Pathophysiology of large vessel vasculitides (LVV) remains incompletely understood, with potential links to IgG4-related diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current knowledge on the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of LVV relevant to cardiologists.
  • To highlight recent advances in diagnostic modalities and therapeutic strategies.
  • To explore future research directions in LVV management.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent literature on large vessel vasculitides.
  • Analysis of diagnostic advancements, including PET-CT and PET-MR.
  • Evaluation of current and emerging treatment options, including biological therapies.

Main Results:

  • Positron-Emission-Tomography (PET)-computed tomography and PET-magnetic resonance tomography are valuable tools for diagnosing and monitoring LVV.
  • Biological therapies show promise for patients unresponsive or relapsing under glucocorticoid treatment.
  • Emerging therapies may facilitate patient-tailored treatment approaches for refractory LVV.

Conclusions:

  • Interdisciplinary collaboration is crucial for elucidating LVV pathogenesis due to multifactorial causes and rare occurrences.
  • Technological progress in radiology and nuclear medicine enhances diagnostic accuracy.
  • New therapeutic avenues are being developed to improve outcomes for patients with glucocorticoid-refractory or relapsing LVV.
Abstract

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