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Hydrodynamics of microbial filter feeding.

Lasse Tor Nielsen1, Seyed Saeed Asadzadeh2, Julia Dölger3

  • 1National Institute of Aquatic Resources and Centre for Ocean Life, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark; ltor@aqua.dtu.dk.

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Microbial filter feeders process water inefficiently due to flow resistance. A novel flagellar vane mechanism explains filtration rates, improving ecological models.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbial ecology
  • Biophysics
  • Aquatic food webs

Background:

  • Microbial filter feeders are crucial grazers in aquatic ecosystems.
  • Current understanding of their feeding mechanisms and flow processing is limited.
  • The trade-off between filter spacing and prey capture versus flow resistance is unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantify the feeding flow of the choanoflagellate *Diaphanoeca grandis*.
  • To investigate discrepancies between current models and observed filtration rates.
  • To propose and validate a new filtration mechanism for microbial filter feeders.

Main Methods:

  • Particle tracking to quantify feeding flow.
  • Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling.
  • Development of a simple model for microbial filter feeders.

Main Results:

  • Existing models significantly underestimate filtration rates of *Diaphanoeca grandis*.
  • A flagellar vane mechanism is proposed to explain observed filtration rates.
  • CFD models incorporating a flagellar vane accurately predict filtration rates.
  • A model predicts optimal filter mesh size increases with cell size.

Conclusions:

  • The beating flagellum alone cannot explain observed filtration rates.
  • A flagellar vane is essential for efficient microbial filter feeding.
  • The proposed mechanism resolves paradoxes in microbial filter feeding.
  • Findings have implications for biophysics and ecological modeling.