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Geography of intergenerational mobility and child development.

Louis Donnelly1,2, Irwin Garfinkel3,4, Jeanne Brooks-Gunn5,6

  • 1Center for Research on Child Wellbeing, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544; louisjd@princeton.edu mclanaha@princeton.edu.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|August 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Children growing up in neighborhoods with higher economic mobility show better developmental outcomes. This includes fewer behavioral issues and improved cognitive scores, suggesting early childhood development is key to upward mobility.

Keywords:
child developmentinequalityintergenerational mobilitypoverty

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Area of Science:

  • Socioeconomic impacts on child development
  • Community effects on long-term economic outcomes
  • Developmental psychology and public health

Background:

  • Community of origin significantly impacts children's future economic mobility (Chetty & Hendren, 2016).
  • The specific developmental pathways linking community characteristics to economic success remain unclear.
  • Understanding these pathways is crucial for effective intervention strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between county-level intergenerational mobility and children's cognitive and behavioral development.
  • To identify early developmental indicators influenced by residential context.
  • To quantify the contribution of community mobility to reducing socioeconomic disparities in development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized county-level data on intergenerational mobility (Chetty & Hendren, 2016).
  • Assessed children's cognitive test scores and behavioral development (externalizing problems).
  • Focused analysis on children from low-income families to understand disparity gaps.

Main Results:

  • High upward mobility counties correlated with fewer externalizing behavioral problems by age 3.
  • Significant cognitive score gains observed in children aged 3–9 in high mobility areas.
  • Improved intergenerational mobility by 1 standard deviation explained ~20% of the developmental outcome gap between low- and high-income children.

Conclusions:

  • Residential contexts promoting upward mobility begin influencing development in early childhood.
  • Early childhood cognitive and social-emotional development are critical mechanisms linking community to economic outcomes.
  • Interventions targeting early development in disadvantaged communities may enhance upward mobility potential.