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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Imaging Membrane Potential with Two Types of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Voltage Sensors
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Improving a genetically encoded voltage indicator by modifying the cytoplasmic charge composition.

Sungmoo Lee1,2, Tristan Geiller1,3, Arong Jung1,4

  • 1The Center for Functional Connectomics, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, South Korea.

Scientific Reports
|August 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers enhanced a genetically encoded voltage indicator (GEVI) by modifying its linker region. This improved GEVI, Bongwoori, achieved a 20% signal increase and detected neuronal acidification, enabling visualization of neural activity.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Biotechnology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) are crucial tools for monitoring neuronal electrical activity.
  • Existing GEVIs often face limitations in signal size and speed, hindering detailed observation of neural dynamics.
  • Modifying the linker region between the voltage-sensing domain and fluorescent protein is a potential strategy for GEVI optimization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer an improved GEVI with enhanced signal amplitude and speed.
  • To investigate the impact of linker charge composition on GEVI performance.
  • To enable visualization of neuronal activity and associated physiological changes like acidification.

Main Methods:

  • Altering the charge composition of the linker region in a GEVI.
  • Employing arginine scanning mutagenesis to optimize the linker.
  • Utilizing a pH-sensitive fluorescent protein for dual-mode sensing.
  • Recording optical signals during neuronal action potentials.

Main Results:

  • Positively charged linkers significantly increased the voltage-dependent optical signal size.
  • The optimized GEVI, Bongwoori, achieved up to 20% ΔF/F signal change during action potentials.
  • The sensor demonstrated the capability to resolve action potentials firing at 65 Hz.
  • Neuronal acidification during activity was successfully detected using the pH-sensitive component.

Conclusions:

  • Modifying linker charge is an effective strategy for enhancing GEVI performance.
  • The improved Bongwoori GEVI offers superior signal-to-noise ratio and speed for optical electrophysiology.
  • This advanced GEVI allows for detailed imaging of neuronal electrical activity and metabolic changes.