Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Muscles that Move the Forearm01:16

Muscles that Move the Forearm

4.1K
The muscles that move the forearms can be divided into four groups: forearm flexors, forearm extensors, forearm pronators, and forearm supinators. The flexors and extensors act on the elbow joint, while the pronators and supinators act on the radioulnar joints.
Forearm Flexors
The biceps brachii, brachialis, and brachioradialis are forearm flexors. The biceps brachii is made up of two heads. Its long head originates at the supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula, whereas that of the short head is...
4.1K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus01:19

Bones of the Upper Limb: Humerus

13.0K
The upper limb consists of the arm, forearm, wrist, and hand bones. The humerus is the single bone of the upper arm region. Proximally, it has a large, spherical, smooth head that articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula to form the glenohumeral or shoulder joint. The margin of the head is the anatomical neck, a residual epiphyseal plate. Laterally it extends to form bony projections called the greater tubercle and the lesser tubercle. Next to the tubercles is the surgical neck, a...
13.0K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna01:15

Bones of the Upper Limb: Ulna

10.1K
The ulna and radius are parallel bones of the antebrachium or the forearm. The ulna lies medially and consists of a bony tip called the olecranon process at its proximal end. This hook-like projection articulates with the olecranon fossa of the humerus and forms the "hinged" ulnohumeral part of the elbow joint. This joint facilitates forearm extension and flexion while preventing its hyperextension. Similarly, the coronoid process, another bony projection on the proximal/anterior side...
10.1K
Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers01:16

Muscles of the Forearm that Move the Hand and Fingers

2.8K
The muscles of the forearm that move the wrist, hand, and digits are numerous and diverse. They can be classified into two groups based on their location and function — the anterior and posterior compartment muscles.
Anterior Compartment
The anterior compartment muscles originate from the humerus. They primarily function as flexors and are also known as flexor muscles. They typically insert on the carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. The superficial layer includes the flexor carpi...
2.8K
Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius01:09

Bones of the Upper Limb: Radius

10.5K
The radius is longer of the two bones that make up the human antebrachium or forearm. At the proximal end, the radius articulates with the capitulum of the humerus and the radial notch of the ulna to form the elbow joint. At the distal end, the radius articulates with the ulna via the ulnar notch, forming the distal radioulnar joint. Distally, the radius also attaches to the carpal wrist bones (scaphoid and lunate) to form the radiocarpal joint.
The radius has a nail-shaped head, and a...
10.5K
Muscles that Move the Arm01:31

Muscles that Move the Arm

5.0K
Nine muscles are involved in arm movements. Two of these, the pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi, originate from the axial skeleton and are called axial muscles. The other seven originate from the scapula and are called the scapular muscles.
The pectoralis major has two origins. Its clavicular head originates on the medial half of the clavicle. In contrast, the sternocostal head originates on the costal cartilages of ribs 1-6, the sternum, and the aponeurosis of the external oblique of the...
5.0K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

SMA-Driven Assistive Hand for Rehabilitation Therapy.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Extracting Optimal Number of Features for Machine Learning Models in Multilayer IoT Attacks.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Optimal locations and computational frameworks of FSR and IMU sensors for measuring gait abnormalities.

Heliyon·2023
Same author

Predicting Diabetic Neuropathy Risk Level Using Artificial Neural Network and Clinical Parameters of Subjects With Diabetes.

Journal of diabetes science and technology·2020
Same author

Rehabilitation strategy for post-stroke recovery using an innovative elbow exoskeleton.

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine·2019
Same author

Editorial: Biomechatronics: Harmonizing Mechatronic Systems With Human Beings.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand
06:44

Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand

Published on: May 20, 2020

7.6K

A mechanism for elbow exoskeleton for customised training.

Soumya K Manna, Venketesh N Dubey

    IEEE ... International Conference on Rehabilitation Robotics : [Proceedings]
    |August 18, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    This study introduces a portable elbow exoskeleton for neuromuscular rehabilitation. This device offers active, passive, and stiffness control for progressive therapy, potentially improving patient outcomes compared to human assistance.

    More Related Videos

    A Standardized Method for Measurement of Elbow Kinesthesia
    07:56

    A Standardized Method for Measurement of Elbow Kinesthesia

    Published on: October 10, 2020

    8.0K
    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb
    14:56

    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb

    Published on: September 23, 2018

    9.5K

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Feb 24, 2026

    Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand
    06:44

    Development of a Novel Task-oriented Rehabilitation Program using a Bimanual Exoskeleton Robotic Hand

    Published on: May 20, 2020

    7.6K
    A Standardized Method for Measurement of Elbow Kinesthesia
    07:56

    A Standardized Method for Measurement of Elbow Kinesthesia

    Published on: October 10, 2020

    8.0K
    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb
    14:56

    The Combined Use of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Robotic Therapy for the Upper Limb

    Published on: September 23, 2018

    9.5K

    Area of Science:

    • Rehabilitation Engineering
    • Biomechanics
    • Neuroscience

    Background:

    • Repetitive training with active and passive therapy is crucial for patients with neuromuscular deficits.
    • Progressive increases in rehabilitation difficulty are essential for enhancing neurological muscle function.
    • Current rehabilitation methods may be limited in their ability to provide adaptable and progressive training.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and propose a portable elbow exoskeleton for comprehensive neuromuscular rehabilitation.
    • To enable both active and passive therapy within a single, configurable device.
    • To offer three distinct rehabilitation levels: active, passive, and stiffness control, using a single actuator.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of a portable elbow exoskeleton incorporating a single actuator system.
    • Integration of mechanisms for active, passive, and stiffness control functionalities.
    • Design focused on a high torque-to-weight ratio for energy efficiency.

    Main Results:

    • The exoskeleton provides a versatile platform for multiple rehabilitation modes without configuration changes.
    • A single actuator effectively manages active, passive, and stiffness control.
    • The design achieves a high torque-to-weight ratio, indicating energy efficiency.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed portable elbow exoskeleton offers a promising solution for progressive neuromuscular rehabilitation.
    • The device's integrated design and multi-level control can potentially surpass traditional human-assisted training outcomes.
    • This innovation facilitates energy-efficient and adaptable rehabilitation for improved neurological muscle function.