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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

A Rapid and Specific Microplate Assay for the Determination of Intra- and Extracellular Ascorbate in Cultured Cells
Published on: April 11, 2014
Endogenous non-enzymatic antioxidants in the human body
Iwona Mirończuk-Chodakowska1, Anna Maria Witkowska1, Małgorzata Elżbieta Zujko1
1Department of Food Biotechnology, Medical University of Bialystok, Szpitalna 37, 15-295 Bialystok, Poland.
Abstract:
The exposure of cells, tissues and extracellular matrix to harmful reactive species causes a cascade of reactions and induces activation of multiple internal defence mechanisms (enzymatic or non-enzymatic) that provide removal of reactive species and their derivatives. The non-enzymatic antioxidants are represented by molecules characterized by the ability to rapidly inactivate radicals and oxidants. This paper focuses on the major intrinsic non-enzymatic antioxidants, including metal binding proteins (MBPs), glutathione (GSH), uric acid (UA), melatonin (MEL), bilirubin (BIL) and polyamines (PAs).
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