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S Hedhili1, N Baccouchi1, H Souid1

  • 1Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis-Tunisia-El Manar, Tunisia; UR 12DNO3, Parasitology-mycology laboratory, Military Hospital of Tunis, Tunisia.

Journal De Mycologie Medicale
|August 21, 2017
PubMed
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Diagnosing invasive aspergillosis (IA) is challenging. Molecular methods like PCR show promise, with nested PCR and real-time PCR offering higher accuracy than galactomannan ELISA for detecting IA.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Molecular Diagnostics

Background:

  • Conventional methods for diagnosing invasive aspergillosis (IA) often lack sufficient sensitivity and specificity.
  • Serological tests like galactomannan ELISA can exhibit cross-reactivity, leading to potential misdiagnosis.
  • Molecular diagnostic techniques offer a rapid, specific, and direct approach for IA detection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of galactomannan ELISA, nested PCR, and real-time PCR for invasive aspergillosis.
  • To compare the sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of these molecular and serological methods.
  • To explore the potential of combining diagnostic methods for improved IA detection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 88 serum samples from patients with suspected IA.
Keywords:
GM detectionInvasive aspergillosisNested PCRReal time PCR

Related Experiment Videos

  • Utilized galactomannan ELISA (GM-ELISA) test.
  • Employed nested PCR targeting the 18S rRNA gene of Aspergillus and real-time PCR specific for Aspergillus fumigatus.

    • Main Results:

    • Nested PCR detected 23 positive samples (26%), while real-time PCR detected 18 positive samples (21%). Galactomannan ELISA showed 64 positive titers (73%).
    • Positive and negative predictive values were highest for QPCR (100%, 88%) and nested PCR (100%, 97%), compared to GM test (28%, 60%).
    • Combined use of methods suggested improved diagnostic accuracy for invasive aspergillosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Molecular techniques, particularly nested PCR and real-time PCR, demonstrate superior diagnostic performance for invasive aspergillosis compared to galactomannan ELISA.
    • The high positive and negative predictive values of PCR methods indicate their reliability in IA diagnosis.
    • Combining multiple diagnostic approaches may enhance the overall accuracy and clinical utility in managing invasive aspergillosis.