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Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) is crucial for host defense but drives diseases like cancer. This review explores therapeutic strategies targeting NF-κB, focusing on oncology and emerging inhibitors.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Oncology

Background:

  • Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factors regulate host defense against stress, infection, and injury.
  • Dysregulated NF-κB activation is implicated in inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, diabetes, vascular diseases, and cancers.
  • The NF-κB pathway is a key therapeutic target for various malignant and non-malignant diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review historical and emerging strategies for therapeutically targeting the NF-κB pathway.
  • To emphasize the application of these strategies in oncology.
  • To discuss newer agents being developed for pharmacological inhibition of NF-κB.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of therapeutic strategies targeting the NF-κB pathway.
  • Focus on oncology applications.
  • Analysis of emerging agents and their mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Despite significant efforts, no specific NF-κB inhibitor has been clinically approved due to dose-limiting toxicities.
  • Various historical strategies have been employed to target the NF-κB pathway.
  • Emerging strategies and novel agents show promise for targeted NF-κB inhibition.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting the NF-κB pathway remains a significant challenge due to toxicity concerns.
  • Oncology is a major focus for NF-κB therapeutic development.
  • Novel approaches are being developed to overcome limitations and achieve effective NF-κB inhibition.