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Network Covalent Solids

Network Covalent Solids

Network covalent solids contain a three-dimensional network of covalently bonded atoms as found in the crystal structures of nonmetals like diamond, graphite, silicon, and some covalent compounds, such as silicon dioxide (sand) and silicon carbide (carborundum, the abrasive on sandpaper). Many minerals have networks of covalent bonds.
To break or to melt a covalent network solid, covalent bonds must be broken. Because covalent bonds are relatively strong, covalent network solids are typically...

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An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

An Externally-Heated Diamond Anvil Cell for Synthesis and Single-Crystal Elasticity Determination of Ice-VII at High Pressure-Temperature Conditions

Published on: June 18, 2020

Synthesis of quenchable amorphous diamond.

Zhidan Zeng^1,2, Liuxiang Yang^1,2, Qiaoshi Zeng^3,4

¹Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research (HPSTAR), Shanghai, 201203, China.

Nature Communications

|August 24, 2017

Summary

Researchers created a new form of amorphous diamond with a complete sp 3-carbon network. This novel material exhibits high density and incompressibility, comparable to crystalline diamond.

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Solid-State Physics
Nanotechnology

Background:

Diamond's exceptional properties stem from its crystalline, sp 3-bonded structure.
Amorphous forms of silicon and germanium with sp 3 bonds exist, but not for carbon.
Achieving purely sp 3-bonded amorphous carbon has been a long-standing challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To synthesize a stable, amorphous form of diamond with complete sp 3 bonding.
To characterize the structure and properties of this novel material.
To investigate its potential for advanced applications.

Main Methods:

High pressure and in situ laser heating techniques applied to glassy carbon.
Recovery of the synthesized material to ambient conditions.
Analysis using X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, electron energy-loss spectroscopy, and computer simulations.

Main Results:

Successful synthesis of a transparent, quenchable amorphous diamond.
Confirmation of a tetrahedral amorphous structure with complete sp 3 bonding.
Observation of the highest density among amorphous carbon materials.
Demonstration of incompressibility comparable to crystalline diamond.

Conclusions:

A novel bulk sp 3-bonded amorphous carbon material has been synthesized.
This material exhibits properties approaching those of crystalline diamond.
The findings open new avenues for designing advanced carbon-based materials.