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Transcriptomic profiling of adaptive responses to ocean acidification.

Priscila Goncalves1,2, David B Jones1,2, Emma L Thompson1,2,3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.

Molecular Ecology
|August 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Sydney rock oysters show resilience to ocean acidification (OA). Molecular analysis reveals gene expression changes in cell cycle and homeostasis pathways, suggesting mechanisms for transgenerational stress adaptation in marine calcifiers.

Keywords:
RNA-seqclimate changedifferential gene expressionnext-generation sequencingtranscriptometransgenerational exposure

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Genomics
  • Climate Change Adaptation

Background:

  • Marine organisms face environmental stress from climate change.
  • Sydney rock oysters (B2 breeding line) display physiological resilience to ocean acidification (OA).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the resilience of B2 Sydney rock oysters to OA.
  • To understand the role of gene expression in transgenerational adaptation to changing ocean conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Transcriptome analysis of B2 oyster gills exposed to projected ocean pH across two generations.
  • High-throughput quantitative PCR (qPCR) to validate specific gene expression changes.

Main Results:

  • B2 oysters exhibit selective gene expression in cellular processes, including cell cycle control and homeostasis, contributing to OA resilience.
  • Specific transcriptional changes in B2 oysters, not observed in wild-type, are linked to OA resilience.
  • Transgenerational conditioning reveals distinct gene expression trajectories in B2 versus wild-type oysters under OA stress.

Conclusions:

  • The resilience of B2 oysters to OA is mediated by broad molecular processes, including cell cycle regulation and homeostasis maintenance.
  • These molecular adaptations may prevent or mitigate apoptosis caused by oxidative stress.
  • Findings highlight the potential for transgenerational conditioning to confer stress resilience in marine calcifiers facing a changing ocean.