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Transcript-level expression control of plant NLR genes.

Yan Lai1,2, Thomas Eulgem1

  • 1Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California at Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.

Molecular Plant Pathology
|August 24, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) gene expression is tightly regulated to balance immunity and fitness. This review details mechanisms controlling NLR transcript levels for optimal plant defense.

Keywords:
alternative polyadenylationalternative splicingnonsense-mediated decayplant disease resistance genespost-transcriptional regulationsmall RNAstranscriptional regulation

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Area of Science:

  • Plant immunology
  • Molecular genetics
  • Gene regulation

Background:

  • Plant NLR genes encode immune receptors crucial for detecting pathogen effectors and triggering effector-triggered immunity.
  • Strict regulation of NLR gene expression is vital, as overexpression leads to autoimmunity and fitness costs.
  • Balanced NLR transcript levels are essential for maximizing plant defense capacity while minimizing negative fitness impacts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advancements in understanding the control of NLR transcript-level expression.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms governing NLR gene expression for optimized plant defense.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on NLR gene expression control.
  • Analysis of transcriptional, co-transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and transcript turnover mechanisms.
  • Synthesis of findings on regulatory pathways impacting NLR transcript abundance.

Main Results:

  • NLR transcript levels are controlled by multiple regulatory steps, including transcription, processing, and turnover.
  • A complex interplay of mechanisms ensures balanced basal NLR transcript levels.
  • Dynamic adjustments in NLR transcript levels are possible in response to defense situations.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive understanding of NLR transcript-level expression control is advancing.
  • Multiple mechanistic steps collectively contribute to balanced NLR transcript levels.
  • Fine-tuned regulation of NLR expression is key to plant immune responses and fitness.