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Updated: Feb 24, 2026

Synthesis of Information-bearing Peptoids and their Sequence-directed Dynamic Covalent Self-assembly
Published on: February 6, 2020
Self-aggregation propensity of the Tat peptide revealed by UV-Vis, NMR and MD analyses
Sara Macchi1, Riccardo Nifosì, Giovanni Signore
1NEST, Scuola Normale Superiore and Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.
By a combination of UV-Vis analyses, NMR-based diffusion measurements and MD simulations we have demonstrated for the first time that the HIV-1 Tat arginine-rich peptide (Tat11) is able to self-aggregate in both its fluorescently labeled and unlabeled variants. We propose Tat11 dimerization as the dominant aggregation process and show that the associated equilibrium constant increases ten-fold by labeling with the standard TAMRA dye. Also, we extend similar conclusions to other cationic cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), such as Antennapedia (Ant) and nona-arginine (R9).
By a combination of UV-Vis analyses, NMR-based diffusion measurements and MD simulations we have demonstrated for the first time that the HIV-1 Tat arginine-rich peptide (Tat11) is able to self-aggregate in both its fluorescently labeled and unlabeled variants. We propose Tat11 dimerization as the dominant aggregation process and show that the associated equilibrium constant increases ten-fold by labeling with the standard TAMRA dye. Also, we extend similar conclusions to other cationic cell penetrating peptides (CPPs), such as Antennapedia (Ant) and nona-arginine (R9).

