Gout and Metabolic Syndrome: a Tangled Web
Gabrielle E Thottam1,2, Svetlana Krasnokutsky2,3, Michael H Pillinger4,5
1Department of Medicine, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA.
Current Rheumatology Reports
|August 28, 2017
Summary
Gout is linked to metabolic syndrome, with high uric acid potentially driving inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. Targeting uric acid synthesis may help manage both gout and metabolic syndrome.
Area of Science:
- Gout and metabolic syndrome research.
- Inflammation and metabolic disease pathways.
Background:
- Gout is increasingly recognized for its complex interplay with metabolic syndrome.
- Gout shares common risk factors and comorbidities with metabolic syndrome, including diabetes, hypertension, and obesity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the intricate connections between gout and metabolic syndrome.
- To review the physiological and epidemiological links between gout and its major comorbidities.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing human and animal studies.
- Analysis of the role of hyperuricemia in metabolic syndrome manifestations.
- Examination of the impact of fructose metabolism on urate biosynthesis and AMPK activity.
Main Results:
- Hyperuricemia is implicated in promoting inflammation, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, adipogenesis, insulin resistance, and liver disease.
- Fructose intake is a significant driver of urate production and is associated with metabolic syndrome components.
- A fructose/urate metabolic loop may inhibit AMP kinase (AMPK), promoting metabolic syndrome progression.
Conclusions:
- Gout is both an inflammatory and a metabolic disease.
- Hyperuricemia plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome.
- Targeting intracellular urate synthesis may restore metabolic homeostasis and offer a dual approach to managing gout and metabolic syndrome.
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