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Vaccines for emerging infectious diseases: Lessons from MERS coronavirus and Zika virus

Joel N Maslow1

  • 1a GeneOne Life Science, Inc. Seoul , Korea.

Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics
|August 29, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Rapid vaccine development is crucial for emerging infectious diseases like Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Zika virus. This review examines MERS-CoV and Zika virus epidemiology, pathogenesis, and vaccine development challenges.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Pathogenesis
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • The last 15 years have seen a rise in emerging infectious diseases, necessitating rapid vaccine development.
  • Middle East Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and Zika virus exemplify new or geographically emergent pathogens with significant complications.
  • These viruses highlight the potential for rapid global spread of novel infectious agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the epidemiology and pathogenesis of MERS-CoV and Zika virus.
  • To discuss the challenges associated with developing vaccines for these emerging pathogens.
  • To explore approaches for clinical trial design in the context of evolving disease epidemiology.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of MERS-CoV and Zika virus epidemiology.
  • Analysis of MERS-CoV and Zika virus pathogenesis.
  • Discussion of vaccine development strategies and clinical trial methodologies.

Main Results:

  • Emerging infectious diseases present unique challenges for vaccine development.
  • Understanding disease epidemiology and pathogenesis is critical for effective vaccine design.
  • Adaptive clinical trial designs are needed for pathogens with changing epidemiological patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccine development for MERS-CoV and Zika virus requires addressing specific epidemiological and pathogenetic factors.
  • Innovative clinical trial designs are essential to evaluate vaccine efficacy against rapidly evolving threats.
  • Preparedness for future emerging infectious diseases hinges on robust vaccine research and development frameworks.
Keywords:
DNA vaccineMERS-CoVZika viruscoronavirusemerging infectious diseaseepidemicepidemiologyflavivirusvaccine

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