Gastric rupture and death caused by ipecac syrup

Area of Science:

• Toxicology
• Pediatric Emergency Medicine

Background:

• Ipecac syrup is commonly used for poisonings, considered safe and effective in most cases.
• Accidental ingestion of medications like chlorpheniramine maleate requires prompt medical attention.

Observation:

• A child received a therapeutic dose of ipecac syrup (15 ml) after ingesting chlorpheniramine maleate tablets.
• The child experienced prolonged vomiting exceeding 24 hours.

Findings:

• The prolonged vomiting resulted in a fatal complication: gastric rupture.
• Documented fatalities, though rare, can occur even with appropriate ipecac syrup doses.

Implications:

• Ongoing medical education for physicians and public awareness for parents regarding ipecac syrup risks are crucial.
• Persistent vomiting after ipecac administration warrants medical facility observation for monitoring and fluid/electrolyte management.