Taurine Prevents the Electrical Remodeling in Ach-CaCl₂ Induced Atrial Fibrillation in Rats

To study the preventive actions and mechanism of taurine on the electrical remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF) rats.

Male Wistar rats were injected with the mixture of acetylcholine (Ach) (66 μg/mL)-CaCl₂ (10 mg/mL) (i.v.) for 7 days to establish AF model. Taurine was administered in drinking water 1 week before or at the same time of AF model establishment. The duration of AF was monitored by recording ECG of rats during the model establishment. At the end of the experiment, left atrial appendages were cut down to measure the effective refractory period (ERP) by S1-S2 double stimulation method; atrial tissues were collected in order to detect the concentration of K⁺ and taurine by flame atomic absorption spectrometry and ELISA respectively; total RNA were extracted from the atrium, gene expressions of Kv1.5, Kv4.3, Kir2.1, Kir3.4 were detected by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

Taurine administration effectively shortened the AF duration of rats and prolonged atrial ERP than the model and taurine depleted rats. In addition, atrial K⁺ level in taurine treated groups was significantly reduced nearly to the normal level. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of Kir3.4 and Kv1.5 were significantly increased in the taurine preventive treated groups.

Taurine can prevent the atrial electrical remodeling and decrease the duration of AF in rats by reducing the atrial K⁺ concentration and up-regulating mRNA expression levels of Kir3.4 and Kv1.5.