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08:32
Dissecting Innate Immune Signaling in Viral Evasion of Cytokine Production
Published on: March 2, 2014
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RNA-virus proteases counteracting host innate immunity.
Jian Lei1, Rolf Hilgenfeld1,2
1Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Germany.
FEBS Letters
|August 30, 2017
Summary
Viruses deploy proteases to disable host innate immunity. This review details how proteases from RNA viruses like Coronaviridae, Flaviviridae, and Picornaviridae overcome antiviral defenses, impacting infection outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- Viral infections activate host innate immunity via pattern recognition receptors detecting viral components.
- Innate immunity, through interferons and cytokines, is the first line of defense against viruses.
- Viruses have evolved mechanisms to evade or suppress host antiviral responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the strategies employed by proteases of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses.
- To elucidate how these viral proteases counteract host innate immune responses.
- To cover viruses from the families Picornaviridae, Coronaviridae, and Flaviviridae.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of scientific publications.
- Analysis of viral protease functions in immune evasion.
- Focus on RNA virus families: Picornaviridae, Coronaviridae, and Flaviviridae.
Main Results:
- Viral proteases are key effectors in subverting host antiviral immunity.
- Specific examples of protease-mediated immune evasion strategies are discussed.
- Understanding these interactions is crucial for antiviral drug development.
Conclusions:
- Proteases of positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses are critical for viral pathogenesis.
- Targeting viral proteases represents a promising strategy for antiviral therapies.
- Further research into viral protease-host immune interactions is warranted.
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