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Viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment

Mauricio T Caballero1, Fernando P Polack1, Renato T Stein2

  • 1Fundación INFANT, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Jornal De Pediatria
|September 2, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Current management of viral bronchiolitis in infants focuses on supportive care like oxygen and fluids. New antiviral treatments and vaccines are anticipated to improve outcomes for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Acute viral bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants.
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is the primary cause of bronchiolitis.
  • Current management primarily involves supportive care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advances in the management and treatment of acute viral bronchiolitis in infants.
  • To identify emerging therapies and preventative strategies for RSV bronchiolitis.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of English articles published between 2010 and 2017.
  • Searches conducted in PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL).
  • Utilized MESH terms including 'bronchiolitis, viral,' 'therapy,' 'virology,' and 'respiratory syncytial virus, human.'

Main Results:

  • Limited effective interventions currently exist for RSV bronchiolitis.
  • Supportive care, including oxygen supplementation and fluid balance, is crucial.
  • Hypertonic saline nebulization may benefit hospitalized infants.
  • Antiviral drugs and vaccines for RSV are under development.

Conclusions:

  • Promising new technologies are emerging for bronchiolitis treatment.
  • Early detection and management of risk factors are essential.
  • Future interventions aim to improve outcomes for infants with viral bronchiolitis.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bronquiolite viralInfantsNeonatosRespiratory syncytial virusViral bronchiolitisVírus sincicial respiratório

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