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Global motion perception is associated with motor function in 2-year-old children.

Benjamin Thompson1, Christopher J D McKinlay2, Arijit Chakraborty1

  • 1School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand; School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.

Neuroscience Letters
|September 3, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Global motion perception and binocular vision are linked to motor skills in 2-year-olds. This suggests early visual development impacts motor function, supporting motion perception as a measure of dorsal stream development.

Keywords:
Dorsal streamHypoglycaemiaInfantMotion coherence thresholdMotor activityNewbornVisual perception

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Vision Science

Background:

  • The dorsal visual stream, crucial for visually guided motor function, includes areas V1, V5, and the parietal lobe.
  • Previous studies show links between global motion perception (a measure of V5 function) and motor skills in older children.
  • This suggests a connection between visual and motor development, with potential for using motion perception in neurodevelopmental studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate associations between vision and motor function at 2 years of age, an early developmental stage.
  • To determine if global motion perception, stereopsis, and visual acuity correlate with motor skills in toddlers.
  • To assess the utility of global motion perception as an indicator of dorsal stream function in early childhood.

Main Methods:

  • 404 two-year-old children participated, undergoing assessments for vision and motor development.
  • Vision was measured using visual acuity (Cardiff Acuity Cards), stereopsis (Lang stereotest), and global motion perception (motion coherence threshold via optokinetic nystagmus).
  • Motor function was assessed using the Bayley III test of Infant and Toddler Development (composite, gross, and fine motor scores).

Main Results:

  • Global motion perception showed a significant, modest association with composite motor and gross motor scores (r²=0.06, P<0.001).
  • These associations remained significant even after accounting for language scores.
  • Stereopsis was also significantly linked to composite and fine motor scores when language was considered, unlike unaided visual acuity.

Conclusions:

  • Global motion perception and binocular vision (stereopsis) are associated with motor function in 2-year-old children.
  • These findings indicate that visual and motor systems are interconnected early in development.
  • Global motion perception can serve as a valuable tool for assessing dorsal stream function in early childhood neurodevelopmental research.