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The Effect of Offloading Heels on Sacral Pressure.

Sadeeka Al-Majid, Barbara Vuncanon, Nika Carlson

    AORN Journal
    |September 4, 2017
    PubMed
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    Heel offloading during surgery significantly increases sacral pressure, potentially raising the risk of sacral pressure injuries. Silicone foam dressings did not affect sacral pressure in this study.

    Keywords:
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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Devices
    • Surgical Procedures
    • Patient Safety

    Background:

    • Heel offloading is standard practice during supine surgery to prevent heel pressure injuries.
    • This practice may inadvertently increase pressure on the sacrum, risking skin integrity.
    • Prophylactic dressings are sometimes used to mitigate potential sacral skin damage.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the impact of heel offloading on sacral pressure.
    • To evaluate the effect of multilayered silicone foam dressings on sacral pressure.
    • To determine the combined effects of heel offloading and dressings on sacral pressure.

    Main Methods:

    • Fifty healthy volunteers participated in the study.
    • Sacral pressure was measured using a pressure-mapping system.
    • Four conditions were tested: heels offloaded/not offloaded, with/without sacral dressing.

    Main Results:

    • Offloading the heels significantly increased sacral pressure (P < .001).
    • The application of a sacral dressing had no significant effect on sacral pressure (P = .49).
    • The interaction between heel offloading and dressing application was not significant.

    Conclusions:

    • Heel offloading during supine surgical procedures demonstrably elevates sacral pressure.
    • This increase in sacral pressure may heighten the risk of developing sacral pressure injuries.
    • Multilayered silicone foam dressings do not appear to mitigate the increased sacral pressure caused by heel offloading.