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MRI protocol optimization for quantitative DCE-MRI of the spine.

Cristina Lavini1, Gem Kramer2, Indra Pieters-den Bos2

  • 1Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

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Summary

Optimal Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE)-MRI protocols for spinal pharmacokinetic modeling (PKM) were identified. Conventional 3D gradient-echo sequences without acceleration or motion compensation yielded the best results for quantitative analysis.

Keywords:
Dynamic contrast enhancementPharmacokinetic modellingSpineTofts' model

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology and Imaging Science
  • Medical Physics
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Quantitative pharmacokinetic modeling (PKM) requires high-quality Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE)-MRI data.
  • Optimizing DCE-MRI protocols for spinal applications is crucial for accurate PKM.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically investigate and identify optimal DCE-MRI protocols for the spine.
  • To evaluate different acceleration and motion compensation techniques for spinal DCE-MRI.
  • To determine protocols suitable for quantitative pharmacokinetic modeling.

Main Methods:

  • 13 patients undergoing spinal MRI received DCE-MRI using 2D and 3D protocols on a 3T Philips Ingenuity MR system.
  • Standard contrast agent bolus (Dotarem, 0.2ml/kg) injected at 3ml/s.
  • Evaluated parallel imaging, partial-Fourier, and flow compensation techniques.
  • Image quality assessed via SNR, motion artifacts, signal enhancement, T1 map, arterial input function, and PKM fitting.

Main Results:

  • Sagittal 3D sequences are preferred for spinal PKM.
  • Acceleration techniques increased artifacts, and motion compensation failed due to longer echo times and T2* decay.
  • Conventional 3D gradient-echo acquisition without acceleration or motion compensation provided the best quality.
  • Prioritize reduced echo time and temporal resolution <5s; increased acquisitions aid in reducing flow artifacts.

Conclusions:

  • A recommended DCE-MRI protocol for the spine and descending aorta was established.
  • The protocol generates a realistic arterial input function and dynamic data suitable for PKM.
  • Conventional 3D gradient-echo sequences are optimal for quantitative spinal PKM.