Effect of age and sex in determining cognitive ability in Vanaraja chickens

(1) To evaluate the cognitive ability of male and female Vanaraja birds, three hundred and sixty 1-d-old sexed chickens were reared under similar conditions in three treatment groups with 4 replicates in each group: 120 females in Treatment 1, 120 males in Treatment 2 and both males and females (60 + 60) as a mixed group in Treatment 3. (2) To assess learning ability, the birds were trained in T- and Y-mazes and tested at 3-week intervals in 4 test schedules (21, 42, 63 and 84 d). The birds were put into tonic immobility (TI) in each test schedule. (3) In each maze test, the latency to find the feed was regarded as a successful completion of the task. In the TI-test, the time taken to stabilise on a plane surface after swinging in the hanging cradle for 20-25 s was recorded. (4) The results indicated that male birds appeared to be cognitively superior to females in terms of learning and cognitive evolution in all the mazes, but by d 84, the females performed as well as the males. With increasing age, spatial memory gathering and processing improved. In the TI-test, the effect of sex or grouping system had no significant effect on the performance of birds at the various ages.