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Related Concept Videos

Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
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Several external and internal factors influence the initiation and inhibition of cell division. For instance, the death of nearby cells or the release of human growth hormone (hGH) promotes cell division. In contrast, lack of hGH or crowding of cells can inhibit cell division.
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Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers.  Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis.  Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
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Cell size is a significant factor impacting cellular design, function, and fitness. There exists some internal coordination by which cells double their masses before division, thus, achieving homeostasis. Coordination between cell growth and proliferation depends on the checkpoints in between cell cycle phases. Loss of coordination or failure in the checkpoint mechanism can drive the cell to uncontrolled growth and loss of cellular function. Like dividing cells that coordinate cellular growth,...
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Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
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Induction and Validation of Cellular Senescence in Primary Human Cells
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A role for cellular senescence in birth timing.

Jeeyeon M Cha1,2, David M Aronoff2,3,4

  • 1a Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism , Vanderbilt University Medical Center , Nashville , TN , USA.

Cell Cycle (Georgetown, Tex.)
|September 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Cellular senescence, a process linked to aging, plays a role in pregnancy. Its dysregulation is associated with preterm birth, highlighting its importance in birth timing.

Keywords:
SASPdeciduadisorders of agingparturitionpreterm birthsenescence

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Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Reproductive Biology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Cellular senescence contributes to tissue aging and age-related diseases.
  • Emerging evidence links senescence to pregnancy and adverse outcomes like preterm birth.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize recent advances on the role of senescence in birth timing.
  • To propose new research directions in this developing field.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on senescence and pregnancy.
  • Synthesis of current findings and identification of knowledge gaps.

Main Results:

  • Senescence is implicated in the physiological processes of birth timing.
  • Dysregulation of senescence is a potential factor in preterm birth.

Conclusions:

  • Senescence is a critical factor in determining birth timing.
  • Further research into senescence in pregnancy is warranted to understand and prevent adverse outcomes.