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Amplifying Progress toward Multiple Development Goals through Resource Recovery from Sanitation.

John T Trimmer1, Roland D Cusick1, Jeremy S Guest1

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Resource recovery from sanitation systems can significantly boost agricultural nutrients and household electricity, especially in developing nations. Investments in sanitation can offset substantial nutrient and energy needs globally by 2030.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Sustainable Development
  • Resource Management

Background:

  • The United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) highlight critical sanitation gaps, including universal safely managed sanitation (Target 6.2) and treatment of wastewater (Target 6.3).
  • Resource recovery sanitation systems offer a dual benefit: addressing sanitation deficits and generating valuable resources like agricultural nutrients and household energy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To estimate the global, regional, and country-level potential of resource recovery from sanitation systems to impact nutrient availability and household electricity generation by 2030.
  • To differentiate impacts based on new sanitation installations, wastewater treatment upgrades, and existing system replacements, considering urban-rural divides and nutrient-agriculture proximity.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized quantitative estimations to project resource recovery potential from sanitation systems globally and at national levels.
  • Differentiated analysis based on sanitation system type (newly installed, upgraded, replacement) and spatial factors (urban/rural, nutrient colocation with agriculture).
  • Assessed potential impacts on agricultural nutrient supply and household electricity generation.

Main Results:

  • Globally, resource recovery from sanitation offers nutrient gains an order of magnitude greater than electricity generation.
  • Significant impacts are projected for least-developed countries, with six potentially doubling or offsetting their projected nutrient and electricity consumption through new sanitation systems.
  • The study identified country-specific strategies and overarching trends for maximizing benefits from sanitation investments.

Conclusions:

  • Sanitation investments can be leveraged for substantial resource recovery, contributing to Sustainable Development Goals 2 (Zero Hunger) and 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy).
  • Targeted strategies are needed to maximize nutrient and energy recovery, particularly in regions with the greatest sanitation needs.
  • Further international research efforts should focus on optimizing resource recovery from sanitation to support sustainable development.