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Phosphate solubilization by endophytic bacteria isolated from banana trees.

Amanda D M Matos¹, Izabela C P Gomes¹, Silvia Nietsche²

¹Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal no Semiárido, Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Departamento de Ciências Agrárias, Campus de Janaúba, Av. Reinaldo Viana, 2630, 39400-000 Janaúba, MG, Brazil.

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Summary

Endophytic bacteria from banana roots can solubilize phosphate, aiding nutrient availability. Researchers identified specific bacterial isolates with high phosphate solubilization potential for agricultural applications.

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Plant Science
Biochemistry

Background:

Phosphate solubilization by microorganisms is crucial for plant nutrient uptake.
Endophytic bacteria offer a sustainable approach to enhance soil fertility.
Banana plantations harbor diverse microbial communities with potential biofertilizer properties.

Purpose of the Study:

To evaluate the phosphate solubilization capacity of endophytic bacteria isolated from banana roots.
To identify specific bacterial isolates with significant acid phosphatase activity.
To assess the potential of these isolates as biofertilizers for improving phosphorus availability.

Main Methods:

Screening of 40 endophytic bacterial isolates on solid media with inorganic and organic phosphorus sources.
Quantification of soluble phosphorus in liquid media.
Assay for acid phosphatase activity and pH reduction.
Statistical analysis using a fully randomized design with three repetitions.

Main Results:

67.5% of isolates solubilized phosphorus from tricalcium phosphate; 7.5% from soy lecithin.
No isolates solubilized phosphorus from iron phosphate.
65% of isolates showed acid phosphatase activity; Aneurinibacillus sp. and Lysinibacillus sp. showed high indexes.
Isolate EB. 78 (Bacillus sp.) demonstrated broad P solubilization and acid phosphatase activity, reducing medium pH.

Conclusions:

Endophytic bacteria from banana roots exhibit significant phosphate solubilization capabilities.
Specific isolates, notably Bacillus sp. EB. 78, show promise as biofertilizers.
Further field trials are recommended to validate the agricultural efficacy of these selected isolates.