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Radiologic Pearls for Internists: A Case-Based Review.

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Summary

Medical imaging advances increase incidental findings. Radiologists should definitively report these, and clinicians should avoid unnecessary follow-up for conclusive, non-relevant findings like simple cysts.

Keywords:
Computed tomography (CT)CystEpididymalIncidentalKidneyLiverMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI)PericardialSpleenThyroidUltrasound (US)

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Area of Science:

  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Diagnostic Medicine

Background:

  • Technological advancements in medical imaging have led to a significant increase in incidental findings.
  • Many incidental findings are unrelated to the original indication for the imaging study and lack clinical relevance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To emphasize the importance of definitive reporting of incidental findings by radiologists.
  • To guide clinicians in avoiding unnecessary diagnostic investigations for incidental findings that are conclusive on imaging.

Main Methods:

  • Review of modern technologic advances in medical imaging.
  • Analysis of the implications of increased incidental findings across medical disciplines.
  • Case study review of incidentally found cysts.

Main Results:

  • Incidental findings are a growing challenge in medical practice.
  • Many incidental findings, such as simple cysts, have no clinical relevance.
  • Confident diagnoses can be made for certain incidental findings without further investigation.

Conclusions:

  • Radiologists must provide unambiguous reports for all findings.
  • Clinicians should exercise restraint in pursuing further diagnostics for conclusive incidental findings.
  • Appropriate management of incidental findings, like cysts, can prevent unnecessary patient anxiety and healthcare costs.