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Intracranial Aneurysms Involving Circle of Willis in a Child with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Associated Vasculitis-

Amol Madanlal Lahoti1, Abhijit Kishor Taori2, Avinash Parashuram Dhok3

  • 1Junior Resident, Department of Radiodignosis, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences and Lata Mangeshkar Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.

Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research : JCDR
|September 13, 2017
PubMed

Insights

A rare case of intracranial aneurysms in a child with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) highlights potential vascular complications. This case emphasizes the need for vigilance in diagnosing cerebral aneurysms in HIV-infected children.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vascular Medicine

Background:

  • Intracranial Arterial Aneurysms (IAAs) are uncommon in children, contributing to 10-15% of hemorrhagic strokes in the first two decades of life.
  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection can present with complex cerebrovascular manifestations.

Observation:

  • A unique case of an HIV-infected child with intracranial aneurysms, collateral vessel formation, and vasculopathy is presented.
  • The child maintained a low viral load despite effective antiretroviral therapy.

Findings:

  • This case demonstrates an unusual presentation of intracranial aneurysms in a pediatric HIV patient.
  • The findings suggest a potential link between HIV, vasculopathy, and aneurysm formation, even with controlled viral loads.

Implications:

  • Improved antiretroviral treatments lead to longer survival for HIV patients, potentially increasing the incidence of intracranial vascular complications.
  • Diagnosing cerebral aneurysms requires high clinical suspicion and integrated radiological and clinical assessments in pediatric HIV cases.

Keywords:
CollateralizationEarly diagnosisHIVPaediatric

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