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Related Concept Videos

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview01:09

Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy: Overview

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When electromagnetic radiation passes through a material, atoms or molecules transition from a lower to a higher energy state by absorbing radiation corresponding to the energy difference between the two states. The absorption of infrared (IR) radiation causes transitions between vibrational energy levels in a molecule. Therefore, IR spectroscopy is a useful analytical tool for determining the molecular structure of molecules.
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Applications of IR Spectroscopy: Overview01:11

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The non-destructive nature and ability to provide valuable chemical information make IR spectroscopy a versatile technique with broad applications in various scientific and industrial fields. IR spectroscopy is commonly used to identify and characterize organic and inorganic compounds. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule and the bonding between atoms. This helps in the structural elucidation of compounds during organic synthesis, pharmaceutical research,...
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IR Spectroscopy: Hooke's Law Approximation of Molecular Vibration01:16

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A covalently bonded heteronuclear diatomic molecule can be modeled as two vibrating masses connected by a spring. The vibrational frequency of the bond can be expressed using an equation derived from Hooke's law, which describes how the force applied to stretch or compress a spring is proportional to the displacement of the spring. In this case, the atoms behave like masses, and the bond acts like a spring.
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IR Spectroscopy: Molecular Vibration Overview01:24

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When Infrared (IR) radiation passes through a covalently bonded molecule, the bonds transition from lower to higher vibrational levels. The fundamental vibrational motions that result in infrared absorption can be classified as stretching or bending vibrations.
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A conventional Raman spectrophotometer includes a laser source, a sample holding system, a wavelength selector, and a detector.
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Spectrophotometry: Introduction01:16

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Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the absorption, reflection, diffraction, or transmission of electromagnetic radiation through a material as a function of the intensity and wavelength of the radiation. A spectrophotometer is a device used to measure the change in the radiation intensity caused by its interaction with the material.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 23, 2026

In situ FTIR Spectroscopy as a Tool for Investigation of Gas/Solid Interaction: Water-Enhanced CO2 Adsorption in UiO-66 Metal-Organic Framework
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Near infra red spectroscopy: a tool for solid state characterization.

Rahul B Chavan1, Nallamothu Bhargavi1, Anurag Lodagekar1

  • 1Solid State Pharmaceutical Research Group (SSPRG), Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Hyderabad, India.

Drug Discovery Today
|September 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, combined with chemometrics, offers a powerful, non-destructive method for analyzing drug solid forms. This review highlights NIR

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Solid-state characterization is crucial for drug biopharmaceutical properties and processing.
  • Monitoring solid-state transformations is vital for pharmaceutical product development.
  • Traditional methods can be destructive or invasive, necessitating advanced techniques.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the application of Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for solid-state characterization of drugs and excipients.
  • To explore the qualitative and quantitative analytical capabilities of NIR in pharmaceutical analysis.
  • To discuss recent advancements in NIR techniques for solid-state analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Near-Infrared (NIR) spectroscopy as a non-destructive and non-invasive analytical technique.
  • Employing chemometrics in conjunction with NIR data for enhanced spectral analysis.
  • Reviewing literature on NIR applications in pharmaceutical solid-state characterization.

Main Results:

  • NIR spectroscopy, coupled with chemometrics, provides a powerful tool for qualitative and quantitative analysis of drug solid forms.
  • NIR enables effective monitoring of solid-state transformations critical for drug development.
  • Recent advancements include NIR chemical imaging and hyphenated techniques offering deeper insights.

Conclusions:

  • NIR spectroscopy is a valuable technique for the physical characterization of pharmaceutical solid forms.
  • Its non-destructive nature and ability to integrate with chemometrics make it ideal for pharmaceutical development.
  • Emerging NIR technologies promise further advancements in solid-state analysis.