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[Tetanus, a current disease in pediatric population: Case report].
María Del Pilar Cejudo-García de Alba1, Jaime Guadalupe Valle-Leal1, Jesús Gabriel Sánchez Beltrán2
1Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital General Regional Número Uno, Ciudad Obregón, Sonora, México.
Revista Chilena De Pediatria
|September 13, 2017
Summary
This case study highlights a pediatric tetanus infection in an unvaccinated child, emphasizing the critical need for timely prophylaxis and prompt medical intervention to prevent severe outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Infectious Diseases
- Immunology
- Neurology
Background:
- Tetanus, a severe acute illness caused by Clostridium tetanii toxin, poses a significant global health risk, particularly in regions with limited socioeconomic development.
- While immunization has reduced incidence, tetanus remains a concern, especially in pediatric populations with incomplete vaccination schedules.
Observation:
- A 6-year-old female with a single dose of pentavalent vaccine presented with fever, myalgia, and generalized contractions 10 days post-puncture wound from wood chips.
- Clinical diagnosis of generalized tetanus was confirmed based on symptoms and patient history.
Findings:
- Management followed World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines, including Penicillin-Metronidazole, tetanus toxoid, and high-dose immunoglobulin.
- Two years post-treatment, the patient exhibited minor motor sequelae despite comprehensive physiotherapy support.
Implications:
- This case underscores the persistent threat of tetanus in unvaccinated children and the importance of adhering to vaccination protocols.
- Early detection and management aligned with international standards are crucial for mitigating tetanus's severe morbidity and mortality.
- Reinforces the necessity of robust public health initiatives promoting tetanus immunization and awareness.
