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Polymerization generates chiral centers along the entire backbone of a polymer chain. Accordingly, the stereochemistry of the substituent group has a significant effect on polymer properties. Polymers formed from monosubstituted alkene monomers feature chiral carbons at every alternate position in the polymer backbone. Relative to the predominant orientation of substituents at the adjacent chiral carbons, the polymer can exist in three different configurations: isotactic, syndiotactic, and...
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Step-growth or condensation polymerization is a stepwise reaction of bi or multifunctional monomers to form long-chain polymers. As all the monomers are reactive, most of the monomers are consumed at the early stages of the reaction to form small chains of reactive oligomers, which then combine to form long polymer chains in the late stages. Hence, the reaction has to proceed for a long time to achieve high molecular weight polymers.
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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Copolymers are the products obtained from the polymerization of multiple monomer species. So, in a polymer chain itself, there can be multiple repeating units that come from different monomers. The process of synthesizing a polymer from different monomer species is called copolymerization. When two monomers are involved, the polymer is known as a bipolymer. Polymers with three and four monomers are termed terpolymers and quaterpolymers, respectively. Figure 1 depicts the copolymerization of...
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Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Recent Advances in Processing of Stereocomplex-Type Polylactide.

Hongwei Bai1, Shihao Deng1, Dongyu Bai1

  • 1College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, P. R. China.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|September 13, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Stereocomplex polylactide (SC-PLA) offers enhanced properties for engineering plastics. This review highlights processing strategies and technologies to overcome challenges in SC-PLA production and application.

Keywords:
PLApoly(lactic acid)polylactideprocessingsinteringstereocomplex

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Sustainable Polymers

Background:

  • Polylactide (PLA) is a biodegradable polymer with limited applications due to poor heat resistance and hydrolysis stability.
  • Stereocomplexation of poly(l-lactide) (PLLA) and poly(d-lactide) (PDLA) can create advanced PLA-based engineering plastics.
  • Current research on stereocomplex-type PLA (SC-PLA) processing is limited due to challenges in achieving full stereocomplexation and avoiding thermal degradation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review strategies for enhancing stereocomplex crystallization in polylactide (PLA).
  • To highlight recent processing technologies for stereocomplex-type PLA (SC-PLA).
  • To discuss challenges and future directions in SC-PLA processing.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on stereocomplexation of polylactide (PLA).
  • Analysis of strategies to improve stereocomplex crystallization during processing.
  • Highlighting novel processing techniques, including low-temperature sintering for SC-PLA.

Main Results:

  • Identified key strategies to enhance stereocomplex crystallization in practical processing operations.
  • Showcased recently developed processing technologies for SC-PLA, such as low-temperature sintering.
  • Acknowledged the challenges in achieving high-quality SC-PLA products from high-molecular-weight blends.

Conclusions:

  • Effective processing strategies are crucial for unlocking the potential of SC-PLA as an engineering plastic.
  • Advances in processing technologies can overcome limitations associated with SC-PLA production.
  • Further research into SC-PLA processing is expected to drive innovation in sustainable materials.