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Snakebite envenoming.

José María Gutiérrez1, Juan J Calvete2, Abdulrazaq G Habib3

  • 1Instituto Clodomiro Picado, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, PO Box 11501-2060, San José, Costa Rica.

Nature Reviews. Disease Primers
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease causing over 100,000 deaths annually. A global, integrated strategy is crucial to combat this disease and its impact on impoverished communities.

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Area of Science:

  • Tropical Medicine
  • Toxicology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Snakebite envenoming is a neglected tropical disease with devastating global health and economic impacts.
  • It disproportionately affects impoverished rural populations, perpetuating cycles of poverty.
  • Snake venoms are complex and variable, leading to diverse clinical effects from local damage to systemic toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significant global burden of snakebite envenoming.
  • To discuss current and emerging therapeutic strategies.
  • To emphasize the need for a comprehensive, multi-stakeholder approach to control snakebite envenoming.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on snakebite envenoming epidemiology and treatment.
  • Analysis of the challenges in managing snakebite envenoming.
  • Discussion of novel therapeutic developments and global intervention strategies.

Main Results:

  • Snakebite envenoming causes over 100,000 deaths and 400,000 disabilities annually.
  • Antivenom is the primary treatment, with supportive therapies also crucial.
  • Research into recombinant antibodies and toxin inhibitors offers future therapeutic potential.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management requires an integrated global strategy involving numerous stakeholders.
  • Addressing snakebite envenoming is essential for public health and poverty reduction in tropical regions.
  • Continued research and international collaboration are vital to combat this neglected disease.