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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectrometers: Radiofrequency Pulses and Pulse Sequences01:17

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A pulse is a short burst of radio waves distributed over a range of frequencies that simultaneously excites all the nuclei in the sample. Upon passing a radio frequency pulse along the x-axis, the nuclei absorb energy corresponding to their Larmor frequencies and achieve resonance. This shifts the net magnetization vector from the z-axis toward the transverse plane. This angle of rotation of the magnetization vector, or the flip angle, is proportional to the duration and intensity of the pulse.
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When magnetic nuclei in a sample achieve resonance and undergo relaxation, the signal detected in NMR is an approximately exponential free induction decay. Fourier transform of an exponential decay yields a Lorentzian peak in the frequency domain. Lorentzian peaks in an NMR spectrum are defined by their amplitude, full width at half maximum, and position, where the peak width is governed by the spin-spin relaxation time alone. In real experiments, however, the applied magnetic field is rendered...
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Related Experiment Video

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Blood Flow Imaging with Ultrafast Doppler
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Self-Calibrating Wave-Encoded Variable-Density Single-Shot Fast Spin Echo Imaging.

Feiyu Chen1, Valentina Taviani2, Jonathan I Tamir3

  • 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging : JMRI
|September 15, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces wave-encoded variable-density SSFSE for abdominal MRI, significantly reducing noise and improving sharpness. The new method accelerates scans while maintaining high image quality for clinical use.

Keywords:
compressed sensingparallel imagingself-calibrationsingle-shot fast spin echovariable-density samplingwave encoding

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Area of Science:

  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Medical Imaging Technology
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Accelerating single-shot fast spin echo (SSFSE) imaging in abdominal MRI is crucial.
  • Reducing blurring from T2 decay and partial-Fourier acquisition is a clinical need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and assess the clinical feasibility of wave-encoded variable-density SSFSE.
  • To improve image quality and reduce scan times in abdominal MRI.

Main Methods:

  • A novel wave-encoded variable-density SSFSE sequence was developed for 3.0T abdominal scans.
  • High acceleration (3.5x) was achieved using wave encoding, self-calibrated estimation, and parallel imaging with compressed sensing reconstruction.
  • Image quality and scan time were compared to standard Cartesian acquisition in 20 adult patients.

Main Results:

  • Wave-encoded SSFSE significantly reduced perceived noise and improved sharpness of the abdominal wall and kidneys (P < 0.003).
  • An average scan time reduction of 21% was achieved.
  • No significant differences were found for other assessed image features (P = 0.11).

Conclusions:

  • Wave-encoded variable-density SSFSE offers improved image quality with reduced scan times.
  • This method provides a fast and robust approach for clinical SSFSE imaging.
  • The technique enhances diagnostic confidence in abdominal MRI.