[Sarcopenia, frailty and osteoporosis.]

Skeletal muscle mass declines and muscular strength also weakens with age. This is sarcopenia. Bone shows similar age-dependent changes leading to osteoporosis. Thus, the aging change of muscle and bone shows a similar change. Anatomically, skeletal muscle and bone are closely related. Sarcopenia and osteoporosis are risks of falls and fractures, and the risk for disability is also high. In addition, it is considered that vitamin D is involved in all of its etiologies, and attention to vitamin D is necessary. Along with these similarities, there is a difference between sarcopenia and osteoporosis, which is a gender difference. That is, while osteoporosis tends to occur in postmenopausal women, the decrease in skeletal muscle is more likely to occur in men. In this article, we will explain sarcopenia along with frailty which is likely to be caused by aging, and describe the diagnosis method and the treatment method from the pathophysiology.