FEN1 knockdown improves trastuzumab sensitivity in human epidermal growth factor 2-positive breast cancer cells

Xue Zeng1, Xiaofang Che1, Yun-Peng Liu1

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, P.R. China.

Insights

Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) may drive trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer by activating HER receptors and estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) target genes. Targeting FEN1 could improve trastuzumab treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Trastuzumab is a key treatment for HER2-overexpressing breast cancer, but resistance limits its effectiveness.
  • Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) plays roles in DNA repair and its inhibition can reverse anticancer drug resistance.
  • The role of FEN1 in trastuzumab resistance remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the involvement of FEN1 in trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which FEN1 might influence trastuzumab efficacy.
  • To explore FEN1 as a potential therapeutic target to overcome trastuzumab resistance.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of FEN1 expression in response to trastuzumab treatment.
  • FEN1 knockdown using siRNA in BT474 breast cancer cells.
  • Assessment of HER receptor activation and FEN1-ERα binding.
  • Quantification of ERα-target gene transcription.

Main Results:

  • Trastuzumab treatment increased FEN1 expression in BT474 cells.
  • FEN1 knockdown significantly enhanced BT474 cell sensitivity to trastuzumab.
  • Trastuzumab induced HER receptor activation and FEN1 binding to ERα, upregulating ERα-target genes.
  • Silencing FEN1 decreased HER receptor activation and FEN1-ERα binding, partially reversing ERα-target gene upregulation.

Conclusions:

  • FEN1 appears to mediate trastuzumab resistance by promoting HER receptor activation and ERα-target gene transcription.
  • FEN1 plays a novel role in trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer.
  • Targeting FEN1 presents a potential strategy to enhance trastuzumab treatment efficacy.