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Brain Waves

Brain Waves

Brain waves are electrical signals generated by the neurons in the brain, which are regularly monitored to measure mental activities. Brain waves and their frequency ranges can be measured using an electroencephalogram or EEG. There are four main types of brain waves, each with distinct characteristics:

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Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

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Relationship Between Alpha Rhythm and the Default Mode Network: An EEG-fMRI Study.

Anthony D Bowman¹, Joseph C Griffis, Kristina M Visscher

¹Departments of *Biomedical Engineering, †Psychology, ‡Neurobiology, and §Vision Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.; ‖Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A.; and ¶Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.

Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society

|September 16, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Conflicting reports on the default mode network (DMN) and alpha power were investigated using simultaneous EEG/fMRI. Results show different DMN subregions exhibit opposing relationships with alpha power.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Neuroscience
Brain Imaging

Background:

The relationship between the default mode network (DMN) and alpha power remains unclear, with existing studies yielding conflicting results.
The DMN is crucial for internally directed thought, while alpha power is associated with various cognitive states.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between the default mode network (DMN) and alpha power using concurrent electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
To employ hypothesis-independent methods to analyze the complex interplay between DMN activity and alpha oscillations.

Main Methods:

Acquired simultaneous EEG and fMRI data during resting-state in 20 healthy adults.
Applied independent component analysis (ICA) to fMRI data and Fourier transform to EEG data.
Correlated DMN activity with alpha power fluctuations.

Main Results:

Four out of six independent components related to alpha power contained DMN regions.
One DMN-related component showed a positive correlation with alpha power, while others showed negative correlations.
Overlapping voxels in medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices exhibited opposing relationships with alpha power, suggesting neuronal subpopulation differences.

Conclusions:

The default mode network (DMN) displays heterogeneous relationships with alpha power across its different subregions.
These findings underscore the complexity of brain network dynamics, indicating that large-scale networks like the DMN may comprise functionally distinct subcomponents.