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Navigating the structure-function-evolutionary relationship of CsaA chaperone in archaea.

Archana Sharma¹, Shikha Rani¹, Manisha Goel¹

¹a Department of Biophysics , University of Delhi South Campus , New Delhi , India.

Critical Reviews in Microbiology

|September 19, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The CsaA protein, crucial for protein translocation and preventing aggregation, is found in bacteria and some archaea. Phylogenetic analysis suggests archaeal CsaA was acquired through horizontal gene transfer from bacteria.

Keywords:

Evolutionary history Picrophilus torridus homologs homology modelling horizontal gene transfer

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Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Evolutionary Biology
Biochemistry

Background:

CsaA protein facilitates post-translational protein translocation across cytoplasmic membranes.
It functions analogously to SecB in the Sec-dependent pathway and acts as a molecular chaperone.
CsaA is prokaryotic, absent in eukaryotes, abundant in bacteria, and previously thought widespread in archaea.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the phylogenetic distribution and evolutionary history of the CsaA protein.
To compare bacterial CsaA with archaeal CsaA, particularly from Thermoplasmatales and Halobacteriales.
To explore potential horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events in archaeal CsaA acquisition.

Main Methods:

Phylogenetic analysis of CsaA distribution across prokaryotes.
Structural comparison of bacterial CsaA with modeled archaeal CsaA.
Review of existing biochemical, structural, and functional characterization data.

Main Results:

CsaA is present in only a few archaeal species, primarily Thermoplasmatales and Halobacteriales.
Archaeal CsaA sequences cluster separately from most bacterial CsaA, alongside Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial homologs.
Phylogenetic and structural data support independent HGT events of CsaA into these archaeal lineages.

Conclusions:

The presence of CsaA in specific archaeal orders likely resulted from multiple, independent horizontal gene transfer events from diverse bacterial sources.
CsaA's evolutionary trajectory highlights the dynamic nature of gene exchange between bacterial and archaeal domains.
Further structural and functional studies are warranted to fully elucidate the implications of HGT on CsaA evolution and function in archaea.