The effectiveness of physiotherapy interventions for sacroiliac joint dysfunction: a systematic review

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Physical Therapy
• Rehabilitation Medicine

Background:

• Sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD) is a common cause of low back pain.
• Effective management strategies for SIJD are crucial for improving patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of various physical therapy interventions for sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD).
• To compare the effectiveness of exercise, kinesio taping, and manipulation in managing SIJD.

Main Methods:

• Systematic literature search across multiple databases (MEDLINE, PUBMED, CINAHL, AMED, PEDro, CIRRIE).
• Inclusion of nine relevant studies, critically appraised using CASP tools for quality assessment.
• Outcome measures included pain scales (VAS, NPRS) and disability questionnaires (ODQ), alongside pelvic measurements.

Main Results:

• Physiotherapy interventions demonstrated effectiveness in alleviating pain and disability in SIJD patients.
• Manipulation emerged as the most effective and frequently utilized approach in clinical practice.
• Studies reported varied outcomes, including pain reduction and improved pelvic alignment.

Conclusions:

• Manipulation, exercise, and kinesio taping are effective treatments for sacroiliac joint dysfunction (SIJD).
• These interventions address pain, disability, and pelvic asymmetry associated with SIJD.
• Physical therapy offers a viable conservative treatment option for SIJD.