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Differences in egg nutrient availability and embryo development in white layer breeder genotypes
E E Onbasilar1, M Kahraman1, O Ahlat2
1Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, 06110, Turkey.
Poultry Science
|September 24, 2017
Summary
Hybrid Lohman White (LW) eggs showed superior egg composition, but pure breeds demonstrated better embryonic development, particularly in tibia deformation and villus width during incubation. This highlights trade-offs between hybrid and pure breeds for poultry production.
Area of Science:
- Poultry Science
- Animal Genetics
- Embryology
Background:
- Consumer preferences and production system changes are increasing the demand for pure breeds.
- While breed differences are well-studied, embryonic development variations during incubation remain less understood.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate egg composition, nutrient absorption, and embryo development in different poultry genotypes.
- To compare Lohman White (LW) hybrid with Denizli and Gerze pure breeds during incubation.
Main Methods:
- 354 hatching eggs from LW, Denizli, and Gerze breeds were analyzed.
- Analysis included egg components, embryo, jejunum, and tibia at setting, embryonic day 19 (E19), and embryonic day 21 (E21).
- Parameters measured: egg weight, shell thickness, albumen and yolk composition, embryo weight, and tibia characteristics.
Main Results:
- LW eggs had higher albumen and yolk quality (dry matter, protein, energy).
- LW embryos exhibited lower tibia deformation and villus width compared to pure breeds.
- Genotype significantly affected most parameters, with some interactions observed for yolk, shell, tibia, and villus traits.
Conclusions:
- Lohman White (LW) hybrids offer advantages in egg composition.
- Pure breeds (Denizli, Gerze) show superior embryonic development concerning tibia and villus characteristics.
- Breed selection should consider a balance between egg quality and embryonic development for optimal poultry production.
