Neonatal Enterovirus Myocarditis With Severe Dystrophic Calcification: Novel Treatment With Pocapavir

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Virology
• Neonatal Medicine

Background:

• Dystrophic myocardial calcification is linked to myocardial injury with normal serum calcium.
• Enterovirus myocarditis can cause severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction in neonates.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a case of neonatal enterovirus myocarditis with significant dystrophic calcification.
• To evaluate the efficacy of the antiviral pocapavir in this context.
• To highlight imaging findings and treatment outcomes.

Main Methods:

• Case presentation of a neonate with enterovirus myocarditis.
• Utilized multiple imaging modalities to assess cardiac function and calcification.
• Administered pocapavir combined with a standard heart failure regimen.

Main Results:

• The neonate presented with prominent dystrophic myocardial calcification and severe left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
• Following treatment with pocapavir and standard care, significant left ventricular remodeling occurred.
• Dystrophic calcification persisted despite clinical improvement.

Conclusions:

• Pocapavir may be a viable treatment option for enterovirus myocarditis in neonates, contributing to cardiac remodeling.
• This case represents the first reported use of pocapavir for enterovirus-induced myocardial calcification.
• Further research is warranted to explore pocapavir's role in managing viral myocarditis and associated complications.